Session: 04-31: High Hydrogen III

Paper Number: 80619

80619 - A Novel 100% Hydrogen Gas Turbine Combustor Development for Industrial Use 

Doosan is one of the OEM manufactures of heavy-duty gas turbine engines and furthermore under developing hydrogen gas turbines for reducing CO₂ production to succeed Net Zero 2050. Hydrogen gas turbine is a very promising power generator to ramp up hydrogen utilization which can decrease hydrogen price for mass consumption through various power ranges from a few MW to hundreds of MW.

Doosan is going to develop a 5 MW 100% hydrogen gas turbine combustor based on the existing NG firing combustor through a national project. 5 MW engine consists of 8 cans of the combustor and we plan is to develop a hydrogen burner to replace the existing NG burner if possible, without any change of other combustor components such as liner & transition piece, etc.

Hydrogen flame has a high flame speed which raises the risk of flashback and high flame temperature produces higher NOx compare to NG firing. Also, high-frequency dynamics happen because of fast reactions, especially in higher pressure gas turbine environments. Those 3 (three) phenomena are the huddle to develop 100% H₂ gas turbine combustor therefore we focus on the research aspects to escape those huddles.

In the literature study, mostly 100% H₂ combustor developed by diffusion type because of preventing flashback but premixed type combustor to achieve a low level of NOx using lean premixed combustion condition. Especially, hydrogen can operate in an ultra-lean premixed flame condition because hydrogen has the characteristics of a large flammable region.

Various concept nozzles were suggested and those candidate nozzles have been validated by 3D CFD simulations and real combustion tests based on combustor design criteria. Also, a 1-D numerical simulation study was performed to understand NG and hydrogen combustion characteristics and compare the conversion effect between NG and H₂ engines using CHEMKIN-Pro. Hydrogen combustion can be done with minor structural modification which means compressor, turbine, and other auxiliaries can remain largely the same.

Among various candidates, we are developing a micromixer type premixed gas turbine combustor which was tested a quartz window test rig to visualize flame shape for different operating conditions in an ambient pressure condition (p=1.3 bar) and will perform a high-pressure test rig (~10 bar) for similar real test conditions.

Doosan is preparing for all gas turbine fleets for hydrogen ready gas turbines including middle & heavy-duty models include retrofit projects.

Presenting Author: Eun-Seong Cho DHI

Presenting Author Biography: Doosan Heavy Industires, Principal Engineer, Dec 2013 – Present

Authors:

Eun-Seong Cho DHI
Hanjin Jeong DHI
Jeongjae Hwang Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials
Minkuk Kim Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials