Session: 04-29 Emissions Hydrogen/Ammonia II

Paper Number: 153679

NOx Emission of Ammonia Combustion: Analyzing the Impact of Mixing With a Novel Monte Carlo Model 

Ammonia combustion gains a lot of interest as a green fuel produced by regenerative H2 and N2 using the Haber Bosch process. Ammonia can be easily transported from areas featuring good regenerative sources to areas where power will be produced using gas turbines. However, burning of ammonia in conventional gas turbine combustors optimized to burn natural gas will generate NOx emissions of several 1000 ppm. Staged combustion systems have been proposed  to keep NOx emissions below 200 ppm offering further NOx emission reduction in conventional exhaust catalysts to acceptable levels. In a staged combustor the ammonia is burnt under fuel rich conditions at high temperatures towards water and nitrogen. The final dilution with excess air to meet the target turbine inlet temperature is provided in the secondary zone.  

An important factor influencing the NOx generation is the fuel/air mixing in the primary  zone of a staged combustor and the dilution with secondary air in the second stage of the combustor. To investigate the mixing impact a novel Monte Carlo method has been added to a reacting flow network. The  paper will outline the Monte Carlo technique and will demonstrate the impact of mixing on NOx emissions for a staged combustion system burning ammonia and blends of ammonia with hydrogen or natural gas.   

Presenting Author: Pascal Gruhlke Siemens Energy

Presenting Author Biography: Pascal Gruhlke is an Engineer at Siemens Energy Germany. He got his PhD from University of Duisburg Essen in 2023.

Authors:

Werner Krebs Siemens Energy
Pascal Gruhlke Siemens Energy
Juergen Meisl Siemens Energy
Bastian Werdelmann Siemens Energy, Germany
Andrew North Siemens Energy, USA